TM 5-623
(1) For entire section inspections, the
compute the PCI for the sample unit. That computation
inspector walks over each slab in each sample unit and
is explained later in paragraph 3-5. An example of the
records the distress(es) observed on DA Form 5145-R
summary of the distress types densities and severities
(Concrete Pavement Inspection Sheet) (fig E-1). One
for an asphaltor tar-surfaced sample unit is shown in
form is used for each sample unit. The inspector
figure 3-3.
sketches the sample unit using the preprinted dots as
d. Remarks.
joint intersections (imaginary joints should be labeled).
The appropriate number code for each distress found in
(1) For both jointed concrete and asphalt or
the slab is entered in the square representing the slab.
tar-surfaced pavement, it is important that each sample
The letter L (low), M (medium), or H (high) is included
unit be identified concisely so it can be located for
along with the distress number code to indicate the
additional
inspections,
comparison
with
future
severity level of the distress. Distresses and severity
inspections, maintenance requirements, and random
level definitions are listed in appendix B. Since the PCI
sampling purposes. One way to do this is to keep a file
was based on these definitions, it is imperative that the
of previous inspection data, including a sketch of the
inspector follow appendix B closely when performing an
section which shows the location of each sample unit.
inspection.
(See fig 2-5 as an example.)
(2) The equipment needed to perform a
(2) It is imperative that the distress definitions
survey is a hand odometer for measuring slab size, a 10-
listed in appendix B be used when performing pavement
foot straightedge and rule for measuring faulting and
inspections. If these definitions are not followed, an
land/shoulder drop off, and the PCI distress guide (app
accurate PCI cannot be determined.
B).
(3) The Inspection Sheet has space for a
3-4. Inspection by sampling
summary of each distress and severity level(s) of
a. General. Inspection of every sample unit in a
distress contained in the sample unit. These data are
pavement section may be necessary if exact quantities
used to compute the PCI for the sample unit as outlined
are needed for contracting; however, such inspections
in paragraph 3-5. Figure 3-2 is an example of DA Form
require considerable effort, especially if the section is
5145-R showing the summary of distresses for the
large. Because of the time and effort involved, frequent
sample unit.
surveys of an entire section subjected to heavy traffic
volume may be beyond available manpower, funds, and
c. Inspection procedures for asphalt, tar-surfaced,
time. Therefore, sampling plans have been developed to
and/or asphalt over concrete pavement. As with jointed
allow adequate determination of the PCI and M&R
concrete pavements, the pavement section must first be
requirements by inspecting only a portion of the sample
divided into sample units. During either the entire
units in a pavement section. The sampling plans can
section inspection or inspection by sampling, the
reduce inspection time considerably and still provide the
inspector walks over each sample unit, measures each
accuracy required. The number and location of sample
distress type and severity, and records the data on the
units to be inspected is dependent on the purpose of
DA Form 5146-R, Asphalt Pavement Inspection Sheet
inspection. If the purpose is to determine the overall
(fig E-2).
condition of the pavement in the network (e.g., initial
(1) The equipment needed is a hand
inspection to identify projects, budget needs, etc.), then a
odometer used to measure distress lengths and areas, a
survey of one or two sample units per section may
10-foot straightedge, and a ruler to measure the depth of
suffice.
The units should be selected to be
ruts or depressions.
representative of the overall condition of the section. If
(2) One form is used for each sample unit.
the purpose, however, is to analyze various M&R
One column on the form is used to represent each
alternatives for a given pavement section (e.g., project
identified distress type. The number of that distress type
design, etc.), then more sampling should be performed.
is indicated at the top of the column. Amount and
The following paragraphs present the sampling
severity of each distress identified is listed in the
procedure for this purpose.
appropriate column. An example of a completed DA
b. Determining the number of samples.
Form 5146-R Asphalt Pavement Inspection Sheet is
(1) The first step in performing inspection by
shown at figure 3-3. Distress No. 6 (depression) is
sampling is to determine the minimum number of sample
recorded as 6x4L, which indicates that the depression is
units (n) that must be surveyed. This is done by using
a 6-foot by 4=foot area and of low severity. Distress No.
figure 3-4.
10 (longitudinal and transverse cracking) is measured in
linear feet; 3-2 thus, 10L indicates 10 linear feet of light
cracking, etc. The total distress data are used to
3-2
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