Odors

Landfill gas recovery systems are similar to extraction type landfill

gas control systems except that the objective is recovery of combustible

gases rather than migration control. Recovery systems are designed to

recover as much landfill gas as practical from the landfill while extract

at a rate that does not introduce air into the landfill through the surfa

or sideslopes. Air kills the methane producing anaerobic bacteria and co

inadvertently begin a fire in the fill. Typical landfill gas generation

recovery rates for a landfill range from 0.04 to 0.15 cubic feet per poun

(0.003 to 0.009 cubic meters per kilogram) per year.

Extracted landfill gas can be used as recovered with some minor

processing (e.g., moisture dropout) for use as a medium-Btu (e.g., 500 Bt

per cubic foot [18 620 kilojoule per cubic meter]) boiler fuel or for

powering a gas turbine or internal combustion engine to generate

electricity. Recovered landfill gas can also be upgraded to pipeline

quality gas (i.e., 1,000 Btu per cubic foot [37 245 kilojoule per cubic

meter]) by various methods for introduction into the natural gas

distribution system. The upgrading of recovered landfill gas to pipeline

quality gas is very capital-intensive and would not generally be practica

for construction of a Navy installation.

7.4.5.3 Odors. Odors originate from the waste as it is delivered; from

decomposing waste in place at the landfill; and from leachate seeps, pond

and treatment systems. Odors from refuse can usually be mitigated by

applying cover rapidly and ensuring that the cover is maintained intact.

7.4.5.4 Noise. Noise sources at landfills include operating equipment a

haul vehicles. Generally, the noise is similar to that generated by any

heavy construction activity, and is confined to the site and the streets

used to bring solid waste to the site. To minimize the effect, every

effort should be made to route traffic through the least populated areas.

Further, the site can be isolated so that the noise cannot carry to nearb

neighborhoods. The use of earthen berms and trees as noise barriers can

very effective. On the site, noise protection for employees will be

governed by existing Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) standard,

CFR 1910.95, Occupational Noise Exposure.

7.4.5.5

Air Pollution. The two sources of air pollution (other than fro

odor and

dust) are from the equipment working on the site and from vehicl

bringing

refuse to the site. Proper control of equipment emissions shoul

minimize

any potential air pollution sources.

7.4.5.6 Fires. Fires in landfills can result from the unknowing disposa

of a hot load, sparks from vehicles, or deliberate ignition. The latter

prohibited at a well-run sanitary landfill. Hot loads can be minimized b

proper policing of incoming trucks; these loads should be deposited away

from the working face and immediately extinguished by water or covering w

soil. Adequate daily soil cover and cover between cells are helpful in

preventing and controlling fires by providing natural barriers.

5.10-94