TM 5-818-1 / AFM 88-3, Chap. 7
concrete and soil may be taken as 0.55 for
(3) If the factor of safety against sliding is
coarsegrained soils without silt, 0.45 for coarserained
insufficient, increase resistance by either increasing the
soils with silt, and 0.35 for silt. The soil in a layer
width of the base or lowering the base elevation. If the
beneath the base may be weaker, and the shearing
wall is founded on clay, the resistance against sliding
should be based on su for short-term analysis and φ' for
resistance between the base of wall and soil should
never be assumed to exceed the soil strength. Consider
long-term analysis.
maximum uplift pressures that may develop beneath the
base.
Figure 14-6. Design loads for low retaining walls, straight slope backfill.
14-7
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