TM 5-818-1 / AFM 88-3, Chap. 7
c.
Sliding.
the potential maximum passive resistance is small, the
(1) The factor of safety against sliding,
safety factor should remain at 2.0 or higher.
calculated as the ratio of forces resisting movement to
(2) For high walls, determine the shearing
the horizontal component of earth plus water pressure on
resistance between the base of wall and soil from
the back wall, should be not less than 2.0. If soil in front
laboratory direct shear tests in which the adhesion
of the toe is disturbed or loses its strength because of
between the concrete and the undisturbed soil is
possible excavation, ponding, or freezing and thawing,
measured. In the absence of tests, the coefficient of
friction between
and the minimum factor of safety lowered to 1.5; but if
U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
Figure 14-5. Horizontal pressures on walls due to surcharge.
14-6
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