TM 5-809-3/NAVFAC DM-2.9/AFM 88-3, Chap. 3
f. Cleaning. Efflorescence occurring during or
to cause efflorescence, the obvious solution is to
prevent the intrusion of water. This is difficult
just after construction may disappear with normal
during construction because of the water present in
weathering. If not, the following cleaning methods
mortar and grout. During construction, partially
may be done in ascending order-doing the least
completed masonry elements and all on site
necessary to achieve the desired result.
masonry materials should be protected to minimize
(1) Dry brushing may remove most efflores-
water intrusion from rain, snow or other sources.
cence.
e. Design Details. The most critical item in
(2) In warm, dry weather washing may be
preventing efflorescence is providing good masonry
used, but it should be realized that washing requires
details that will prevent water penetration into the
the use of water which may bring more salts to the
completed masonry construction. The design and
surface.
details of the structure, of which the masonry
(3) Chemical cleaners are available such as a
components are a part, should be such that water
1:12 muriatic acid solution. Use requires presoak-
exposure and penetration of the masonry will be
ing to limit the depth of penetration of the solution
minimal. Overhanging eaves, capping of walls,
and thorough washing afterwards to remove all
copings, sealants, flashing, and tooling of mortar
traces of the solution.
joints are examples. Equally important is the
(4) Sandblasting has been used but is not
maintenance of these features.
recommended because of its damaging effect on
mortar and unit surfaces.
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