MIL-HDBK-1005/16
(3) Training on proper use is imperative.
Personnel must be assigned responsibility and be available for
proper operation and maintenance of the unit.
(4) Security and weather protection may become a
factor if the machine is exposed to harsh environments. Also,
the machine should be secured in some manner when not in use to
prevent unauthorized access and possible damage to the machine.
(5) Closed-loop recycling may not be the most
economical solution. In addition to capital costs, significant
O&M costs can be associated with these systems. Therefore, life
cycle cost analysis should be used for comparison with other
systems. Generally, it is more cost-effective to implement
pollution prevention measures, pretreat, or directly discharge
the wastewater to a sanitary sewer. Therefore, when considering
the use of a closed-loop system, use the following criteria:
(a) If a sanitary sewer is nearby, it
probably will not be cost-effective to implement a closed-loop
system.
(b) If a washrack is already connected to
the sewer but is having difficulty meeting the discharge
requirements, or if the permit monitoring requirements are too
expensive, implementing a closed-loop system may be economical.
However, before pursuing a closed-loop system, the designer
should evaluate methods of pollution prevention that would meet
the discharge requirements.
(c) Finally, if water conservation is an
issue or if an activity is given financial incentive that will
offset the cost of a system, using a closed-loop system could be
cost-effective.
3.2.4
Ship Holding Tank Discharges. Ship holding tank
discharges can be a major source of wastewater at military
installations with naval facilities. These wastewaters typically
have the following general characteristics:
a)
Primarily domestic wastewater but may also contain
industrial wastewater depending on the ship operations
b)
More concentrated than typical domestic wastewater
because of how on-ship wastewater collection systems are designed
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