TM 5-814-8
--Hospitals (40 CFR Part 460).
(c) BAT Standards for the metal finishing
--Metal finishing (40 CFR Part 433).
point source category (40 CFR Part 433) are
--Explosives manufacturing (40 CFR
given in table 4-5. The regulations are inclusive
of electroplating operations addressed separately
Part 457).
--Photographic processing (40 CFR Part
under 40 CFR Part 413 which deals only with
pretreatment standards.
459).
The existing regulations are summarized in table
(4) Compliance with BAT limitations for
"non-conventional pollutants" must be accom-
4-3.
plished within three years of promulgation, but
(c) Laundries have been exempted by the
no later than July, 1987. Non-conventional pollut-
U.S. EPA from both BPT, and BAT guidelines
ants are defined as all other pollutants which are
and no national standards will be forthcoming.
not specifically identified as conventional or toxic.
However, in the absence of categorical standards
(5) New industrial facilities classified as "new
U.S. EPA expects to provide a guidance docu-
sources" must meet New Source Performance
ment.
Standards (NSPS) from the time the facility is
(2) Best conventional pollutant control tech-
placed into operation. NSPS limitations are based
nology (BCT) was to be required of all industries
upon "best available demonstrated technology"
by July 1, 1984. BCT will include levels of
(BADT). A "new source" for regulatory purposes
treatment for "conventional pollutants," usually
is defined as an industrial category for which new
in excess of the BPT requirements. Conventional
pollutants include BOD, total suspended solids,
source performance standards were issued prior
fecal coliforms, pH, and oil and grease. The
to the initiation of construction of the facility.
proposed Water Quality Renewal Act would
These limitations apply to grass roots facilities,
change this deadline to July 1, 1987.
significant modifications to existing facilities, and
(3) Industries were to provide BAT treatment
additions of new facilities at existing plant sites
for the control of "toxic pollutants" no later than
which function independently of an existing plant.
d. Best management practices. The 1977
July 1, 1984. The list of toxic pollutants is
presented in table 4-4. For these substances U.S.
amendments authorized the U.S. EPA to require
EPA must promulgate effluent limitations consis-
best management practices (BMP) of industries to
tent with best available treatment technology. In
control discharges of toxic or hazardous wastes
from ancillary industrial activities. U.S. EPA may
the future, U.S. EPA may add to or delete from
this list. Information relating to such additions is
prescribe regulations to control plant site runoff,
published in the Federal Register. In January,
leaks and spills, sludge and waste disposal prac-
1980 U.S. EPA made a proposal to add ammonia
tices, and drainage from raw material storage
to this list. At the time this manual was written,
areas which are associated with industrial manu-
no final decision had been made regarding the
facturing or treatment operations. BMP regula-
status of ammonia as a toxic pollutant. Best
tions were proposed in August, 1978 and final
available technology has been defined as the
regulations were promulgated as Subpart K of
highest degree of technology and treatment mea-
the final NPDES regulations. However, imple-
sures capable of being designed for plant-scale
mentation of these regulations has been delayed
operation. BAT requirements may be developed
due to a court challenge. U.S. EPA has prepared
around in-plant process changes to achieve speci-
a BMP guidance document to assist in the
fied effluent limitations in addition to end-of-pipe
preparation of BMP requirements for NPDES
treatment.
permits. As of the writing of this manual, U.S.
(a) BAT Standards for hospitals had been
EPA intends to withdraw the BMP regulations.
reserved with U.S. EPA concentrating resources
e. Secondary treatment standards for municipal
dischargers. Municipal dischargers were required
on more significant categories of industrial dis-
to achieve secondary treatment levels by July 1,
charge with no activity foreseen in the near
future.
1977. U.S. EPA has defined secondary treatment
as shown in table 4-6. Exceptions to these
graphic processing have been exempted from
requirements may be granted for facilities which
BAT Regulations, with U.S. EPA prefering not to
discharge to the ocean. All municipal treatment
publish national guidelines. Such facilities or
facilities were to meet best practicable treatment
technology by July 1, 1983. At the time this
operations will be regulated on a site specific
case-by-case basis. However, in the absence of
manual was written, U.S. EPA had not defined
categorical standards, U.S. EPA does expect to
applicable BPT requirements for municipal treat-
ment systems.
publish guidance documents for these industries.
4-9
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