TM 5-803-14
applied literally to specific site development. Fig-
f. Example Spatial Relationships Diagrams. The
ure 3-9 illustrates such a site plan for a Battalion
following spatial relationships diagrams illustrate
Complex.
alternatives for a battalion complex.
e. Preparation of the Spatial Relationships Dia-
(1) Alternative 1. Figure 3-10 illustrates alter-
gram. A spatial relationships diagram illustrates
native 1. Alternative 1 locates the complex in the
the application of a functional relationships dia-
prime development area identified on the site
gram to an actual site. Often, various functions
opportunities and constraints plan. It takes advan-
can be manipulated around the site and still
tage of the close access to existing circulation and
maintain the desired relationships. Then, the criti-
utility networks. It provides barracks facilities
cal planning determinants become the relation-
with convenient access to the dining hall and
ships between the facilities and the existing site
reasonable access to the brigade headquarters
conditions. Preparing alternatives is especially im-
across the street. Alternative 1 develops a through
access drive to troop housing areas north and
portant. Alternatives provide an opportunity to
south of the site. It restricts interior circulation
look at the range of effects which will occur when
and parking to the perimeter of the site. This
the site is developed. They aid the selection of the
allows creation of a residential character around
concept which will take maximum advantage of
the barracks. Alternative 1 enables active and
the site while impacting it the least. Comparing
passive recreation areas to take advantage of the
alternatives may lead to the creation of a revised,
wooded hillside to the north. Grading in the prime
preferred concept. The preferred concept may com-
development area has already been judged reason-
bine different aspects of the various alternatives
ably simple. First-phase facilities can be accommo-
and/or suggest new solutions. Evaluation and com-
dated with minimum cut and fill except in the
parison of alternatives should be an interdiscipli-
area where the new roadway crosses the hillside.
nary endeavor. When evaluating alternatives, it is
Barracks in the second phase will require the
helpful to ask the following questions and compare
excavation of up to six to eight feet to create a
how the alternatives measure in response:
large building pad. The facility arrangement in
(1) Which alternative promotes the optimal
alternative 1 avoids interference with the existing
functional relationships? Which alternative sup-
drainage swale to the northeast. However, it re-
ports the functional relationships of Army units?
quires stormsewer connection to the existing sys-
(2) Do the facilities, activities and circulation
tem. There is ample room for future expansion,
fit comfortably on site? Will future expansion tit
but the proposed access drive will separate exist-
comfortably on site?
ing and future development. The access drive also
(3) Can required setbacks, space standards,
separates the complex from the parade ground.
and buffer zones be maintained?
Location of new utilities should consider the poten-
(4) Does circulation encourage safe, efficient
tial for use by future expansion. A principal
movement? Is there a recognizable sequence of
concern in alternative 1 is the location of the
entry and arrival?
motor pool area to the east. It will require an
(5) Can an approximate finished floor eleva-
adequate buffer zone and screening to maintain
tion and access elevation at the street be set, and
the residential character of the barracks.
(2) Alternative 2. Figure 3-11 illustrates alter-
can reasonable grades be expected to be main-
tained between the two?
native 2. Alternative 2 also locates the battalion
complex in the prime development area identified
(6) Can existing drainage patterns be reason-
ably maintained?
on the site opportunities and constraints plan. It
(7) Can existing utility systems be reasonably
works with the site in several ways similar to
accessed?
alternative 1. Alternative 2 does not develop a
(8) Do the location of facilities, circulation and
through access drive. As a result, adequate turn-
utilities avoid natural assets or problems (e.g.,
around area must be provided for service and
existing vegetation, drainage dwales, steep slopes
other large vehicles. The costs associated with
or poor soils?)
developing access are expected to be lower since
(9) How do facilities, circulation and open
the access drive(s) does not have to be designed to
space take advantage of the site's natural assets?
accommodate through traffic. First-phase facilities
(10) What site contraints require special at-
are separated from the parade ground by the
tention? What methods for resolution of problems
access drive. Pedestrian flow between existing and
are suggested?
future facilities is uninterrupted. Future develop-
ment is relocated further south to minimize the
(11) What will the design character of the
need for regrading. To reduce regarding and asso-
facility and site be?
3-15
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