TM 5-852-9/AFR 88-19, Vol. IX
c. Exterior landings, stairs, and railings. To prevent ice and snow accumulation on horizontal surfaces,
open grating type materials should be used for walking surfaces on exterior landings and stairs. Wooden
railings or railings provided with rubberized coverings should be considered instead of metal for exterior
installation to avoid possible frostbite or bonding of bare skin to metal. Interior or enclosed stairways are
preferable. Exterior stairs and landings should be hinged at the building or cantilevered from it to allow for
movement from frost heave. If differential heave is anticipated, large landing structures or docks should be
isolated from the main structure. Proper foundation treatment may minimize differential movement between
warm and cold structures.
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