Soil Stabilization for Pavements - index
Chapter 1 Introduction - ufc_3_250_110008
Thickness reduction
Chapter 2 Selection of Additive
Figure 2-1. Gradation triangle for aid in selecting a commercial stabilizing agent.
Table 2-1. Guide for selecting a stabilizing additive.
Table 2-2. Minimum unconfined compressive strength for cement, lime, lime-cement, and lime-cement-fly ash stabilized soils
Chapter 3 Determination of Stabilizer Content
Table 3-2. Cement requirements for various soils
Table 3-3. Gradation requirements for lime stabilized base and subbase courses
Figure 3-1. Chart for the initial determination of lime content.
Table 3-4. Gradation requirements for fly ash stabilized base and subbase courses
Stabilization with Bitumen
Table 3-5. Recommended gradations for bituminousstabilized subgrade materials
Table 3-7. Emulsified asphalt requirements
Table 3-8. Swell potential of soils
Chapter 4 Construction Procedures
Figure 4-1. Transverse single-shaft mixer processing soil-cement in place. Multiple passes are required.
Figure 4-7. Bulk portland cement being transferred pneumatically from a bulk transport truck to a job truck.
Bagged-cement spread
Figure 4-10. Sketch of soil-cement processing operations with windrow-type traveling pugmill.
Figure 4-12. Sketch of soil-cement processing operations
Figure 4-13. Plan for processing with multiple-transverse-shaft traveling mixing machine.
Figure 4-14. Sketch of soil-placement processing operations with single-transverse-shaft mixers.
Finishing - ufc_3_250_110031
Construction with lime
Figure 4-15. In-place mixing of lime with existing base and paving material on city street.
Figure 4-20. Lime-treated gravel with lime fed by screw conveyor.
Lime application
Figure 4-24. Application of lime by the bag for a small maintenance project.
Figure 4-28. Spreading of granular quicklime.
Figure 4-29. Slurry mixing tank using recirculating pump for mixing hydrate and water.
Some of the advantages and disadvantages of dry quicklime are as follows
Figure 4-35. Watering of lime-treated clay on airport project.
Figure 4-40. Self-propelled sheepsfoot roller.
Figure 4-42. Pneumatic roller completes compaction of LCF base.
Figure 4-44. Windrowtype pugmill travel plant.
Figure 4-48. Single-shaft rotary mixer with asphalt supply tank.
Determining asphalt application rate
Aeration - ufc_3_250_110046
Figure 4-52. Spreading and compacting train.
Figure 4-53. Stationary cold-mix plant.
Figure 4-57. Jersey spreader.
Chapter 5 Quality Control
Bituminous Stabilization - ufc_3_250_110051
Compaction - ufc_3_250_110052
Appendix B ph Test on Soil-Cement Mixtures
Appendix C Determination of Sulfate in Soils Gravimetric Method
Turbidimetric Method
Figure C-1. Example standard curve for spectrophotometer.
Appendix D pH Test to Determine Lime Requirements for Lime Stabilization
Chapter 1 Introduction - ufc_3_250_110008
Thickness reduction
Chapter 2 Selection of Additive
Figure 2-1. Gradation triangle for aid in selecting a commercial stabilizing agent.
Table 2-1. Guide for selecting a stabilizing additive.
Table 2-2. Minimum unconfined compressive strength for cement, lime, lime-cement, and lime-cement-fly ash stabilized soils
Chapter 3 Determination of Stabilizer Content
Table 3-2. Cement requirements for various soils
Table 3-3. Gradation requirements for lime stabilized base and subbase courses
Figure 3-1. Chart for the initial determination of lime content.
Table 3-4. Gradation requirements for fly ash stabilized base and subbase courses
Stabilization with Bitumen
Table 3-5. Recommended gradations for bituminousstabilized subgrade materials
Table 3-7. Emulsified asphalt requirements
Table 3-8. Swell potential of soils
Chapter 4 Construction Procedures
Figure 4-1. Transverse single-shaft mixer processing soil-cement in place. Multiple passes are required.
Figure 4-7. Bulk portland cement being transferred pneumatically from a bulk transport truck to a job truck.
Bagged-cement spread
Figure 4-10. Sketch of soil-cement processing operations with windrow-type traveling pugmill.
Figure 4-12. Sketch of soil-cement processing operations
Figure 4-13. Plan for processing with multiple-transverse-shaft traveling mixing machine.
Figure 4-14. Sketch of soil-placement processing operations with single-transverse-shaft mixers.
Finishing - ufc_3_250_110031
Construction with lime
Figure 4-15. In-place mixing of lime with existing base and paving material on city street.
Figure 4-20. Lime-treated gravel with lime fed by screw conveyor.
Lime application
Figure 4-24. Application of lime by the bag for a small maintenance project.
Figure 4-28. Spreading of granular quicklime.
Figure 4-29. Slurry mixing tank using recirculating pump for mixing hydrate and water.
Some of the advantages and disadvantages of dry quicklime are as follows
Figure 4-35. Watering of lime-treated clay on airport project.
Figure 4-40. Self-propelled sheepsfoot roller.
Figure 4-42. Pneumatic roller completes compaction of LCF base.
Figure 4-44. Windrowtype pugmill travel plant.
Figure 4-48. Single-shaft rotary mixer with asphalt supply tank.
Determining asphalt application rate
Aeration - ufc_3_250_110046
Figure 4-52. Spreading and compacting train.
Figure 4-53. Stationary cold-mix plant.
Figure 4-57. Jersey spreader.
Chapter 5 Quality Control
Bituminous Stabilization - ufc_3_250_110051
Compaction - ufc_3_250_110052
Appendix B ph Test on Soil-Cement Mixtures
Appendix C Determination of Sulfate in Soils Gravimetric Method
Turbidimetric Method
Figure C-1. Example standard curve for spectrophotometer.
Appendix D pH Test to Determine Lime Requirements for Lime Stabilization
