Foundations in Expansive Soils
Chapter 1: Intrduction
Causes and patterns of heave
Figure 1-1. Exaamples of Cracks in an Exterior Wall
Elements of design
Figure 1-3. Examples of Fractures from Dish Shaped lift on Swelling Foundation Soils
Figure 1-4. Decision Process of Design
Chapter 2: Recognition of Problem Areas
Waterways Experiment Station (WES) Map
Figure 2-1. Occurrence and Distribution of Potentially Expansive Materials in the United States
Table 2-2. Tabulation of Potentially Expansive Materials in the United states
Table 2-2. Tabulation of Potentially Expansive Materials in the United states -Cont. - ufc_3_220_070020
Table 2-2. Tabulation of Potentially Expansive Materials in the United states -Cont. - ufc_3_220_070021
Table 2-2. Tabulation of Potentially Expansive Materials in the United states -Cont. - ufc_3_220_070022
Application of hazard maps
Chapter 3: Field Exploration
Sampling requirements
Time of sampling
Table 3-2. Soil Sampling Methods
Groundwater - ufc_3_220_070028
Groundwater -Cont.
Chapter 4:Laboratory Investigations
Other methods - ufc_3_220_070031
Table 4-2. Other Empirical Methods for Prediction of Potential Heave
Consolidometer
Soil suction
Chapter 5: Methodology for Prediction of Volume Changes
Direction of soil movement
Equilibrium profile
Depth of the active zone
Potential differential heave
Figure 5-3. Soil Slab Displacement on Heaving Soil
Figure 5-4. Approximate Method for Computing Foundation Swell
Chapter 6: Design of Foundations
Table 6-1. Foundation Systems
Provisions for flexibility
Table 6-2. Superstructure Systems
Reinforced slab-on-grade foundations
Effects of stiffening beams
Post-tensioned
Figure 6-6. Post-tensioned slab in Lubbock, Texas, for single-family, single-story, minimally loaded frame residence
Design of thick mats
Deep foundations - ufc_3_220_070051
General considerations
Table 6-4. Application of Drilled Shafts
Table 6-5. Defects Associated with Drilled Shafts
Figure 6-10. Drilled Shaft Details
Figure 6-11. Distribution of Load From Uplift of Swelling Soil
Preparation of void space
Figure 6-12. Typical Grade Beam Void Details
Figure 6-13. Typical exterior and interior grade beams
Chapter 7: Minimization of Foundation Movement
Stabilization techniques
Backfill of natural soil
Figure 7-2: Application of a Horizontal Membrane
Figure 7-3: Vertical and Horizontal Moisture Barriers
Soil mixture preparation
Chapter 8: Construction Techniques and Inspection
Minimization of problems
Table 8-1. Considerations for Inspection
Table 8-1. Considerations for Inspection -Cont.
Chapter 9: Remedial Procedures
Drilled shaft foundations
Table 9-1. Remedial Measures
Appendix A: References - ufc_3_220_070073
Appendix B: Characterization of Swell Behavior from Soil Suction
Thermocouple psychrometer technique
Figure B-1. Thermocouple Psychrometer Monitoring Apparatus
Figure B-2:Electrical Circuit for the Thermocouple Psychrometer
Figure B-3: Calibration of Filter Paper
Characterization of Swell Behavior
Final Matrix Suction
Compressibility factor
Figure B-5: Illustration of the Compressibility Factor
Appendix C: Frame and Wall Construction Details
Figure C-2: Wall Ties to Concrete Column
Figure C-3:Wall Ties to Steel Column (Sheet 1 of 2)
Figure C-3:Wall Ties to Steel Column (Sheet 2 of 2)
Figure C-4: Wall Ties to Steel Beam
Figure C-5: Wall Connections with Control Joints
Figure C-6: Typical Details of Interior Partitions
Figure C-7. Typical Bar Joist First Floor Framing
Figure C-8: Typical Cast in Place or Precast Concrete Grade Beam with Steel Bar Joists Floor Framing
Figure C-9: Typical Ribbed Mat Foundations
Figure C-10: Optional Constructional Details of Exterior Beams (Interior Beam Similar) For Ribbed Mat Construction
Appendix D: Bibliography
Appendix D: Bibliography -Cont. - ufc_3_220_070095
Appendix D: Bibliography -Cont. - ufc_3_220_070096
Soil Suction, Water Content and Specific Volume
Chapter 1: Intrduction
Causes and patterns of heave
Figure 1-1. Exaamples of Cracks in an Exterior Wall
Elements of design
Figure 1-3. Examples of Fractures from Dish Shaped lift on Swelling Foundation Soils
Figure 1-4. Decision Process of Design
Chapter 2: Recognition of Problem Areas
Waterways Experiment Station (WES) Map
Figure 2-1. Occurrence and Distribution of Potentially Expansive Materials in the United States
Table 2-2. Tabulation of Potentially Expansive Materials in the United states
Table 2-2. Tabulation of Potentially Expansive Materials in the United states -Cont. - ufc_3_220_070020
Table 2-2. Tabulation of Potentially Expansive Materials in the United states -Cont. - ufc_3_220_070021
Table 2-2. Tabulation of Potentially Expansive Materials in the United states -Cont. - ufc_3_220_070022
Application of hazard maps
Chapter 3: Field Exploration
Sampling requirements
Time of sampling
Table 3-2. Soil Sampling Methods
Groundwater - ufc_3_220_070028
Groundwater -Cont.
Chapter 4:Laboratory Investigations
Other methods - ufc_3_220_070031
Table 4-2. Other Empirical Methods for Prediction of Potential Heave
Consolidometer
Soil suction
Chapter 5: Methodology for Prediction of Volume Changes
Direction of soil movement
Equilibrium profile
Depth of the active zone
Potential differential heave
Figure 5-3. Soil Slab Displacement on Heaving Soil
Figure 5-4. Approximate Method for Computing Foundation Swell
Chapter 6: Design of Foundations
Table 6-1. Foundation Systems
Provisions for flexibility
Table 6-2. Superstructure Systems
Reinforced slab-on-grade foundations
Effects of stiffening beams
Post-tensioned
Figure 6-6. Post-tensioned slab in Lubbock, Texas, for single-family, single-story, minimally loaded frame residence
Design of thick mats
Deep foundations - ufc_3_220_070051
General considerations
Table 6-4. Application of Drilled Shafts
Table 6-5. Defects Associated with Drilled Shafts
Figure 6-10. Drilled Shaft Details
Figure 6-11. Distribution of Load From Uplift of Swelling Soil
Preparation of void space
Figure 6-12. Typical Grade Beam Void Details
Figure 6-13. Typical exterior and interior grade beams
Chapter 7: Minimization of Foundation Movement
Stabilization techniques
Backfill of natural soil
Figure 7-2: Application of a Horizontal Membrane
Figure 7-3: Vertical and Horizontal Moisture Barriers
Soil mixture preparation
Chapter 8: Construction Techniques and Inspection
Minimization of problems
Table 8-1. Considerations for Inspection
Table 8-1. Considerations for Inspection -Cont.
Chapter 9: Remedial Procedures
Drilled shaft foundations
Table 9-1. Remedial Measures
Appendix A: References - ufc_3_220_070073
Appendix B: Characterization of Swell Behavior from Soil Suction
Thermocouple psychrometer technique
Figure B-1. Thermocouple Psychrometer Monitoring Apparatus
Figure B-2:Electrical Circuit for the Thermocouple Psychrometer
Figure B-3: Calibration of Filter Paper
Characterization of Swell Behavior
Final Matrix Suction
Compressibility factor
Figure B-5: Illustration of the Compressibility Factor
Appendix C: Frame and Wall Construction Details
Figure C-2: Wall Ties to Concrete Column
Figure C-3:Wall Ties to Steel Column (Sheet 1 of 2)
Figure C-3:Wall Ties to Steel Column (Sheet 2 of 2)
Figure C-4: Wall Ties to Steel Beam
Figure C-5: Wall Connections with Control Joints
Figure C-6: Typical Details of Interior Partitions
Figure C-7. Typical Bar Joist First Floor Framing
Figure C-8: Typical Cast in Place or Precast Concrete Grade Beam with Steel Bar Joists Floor Framing
Figure C-9: Typical Ribbed Mat Foundations
Figure C-10: Optional Constructional Details of Exterior Beams (Interior Beam Similar) For Ribbed Mat Construction
Appendix D: Bibliography
Appendix D: Bibliography -Cont. - ufc_3_220_070095
Appendix D: Bibliography -Cont. - ufc_3_220_070096
Soil Suction, Water Content and Specific Volume
