TM 5-814-8
into the system during the planning and feasibil-
reduction practices. The output from the proce-
ity study analysis.
dure will establish system raw waste loads.
e. Operation and management. The selection of
(2) Environmental consideration. The environ-
a wastewater treatment process shall include
mental impact statement or environmental assess-
consideration of the operational expertise and
m e n t will document the required treated
management required. When the geographical
wastewater quality and establish the performance
location and installation size permit use of treat-
level required from treatment facilities. The re-
ment ponds, operating needs will be much less
quired performance will serve as the basis for
than other treatment systems. For other treat-
treatment process selection.
ment processes, operational capability becomes
b. Selection of pollution control alternatives. If
more of a factor in equipment selection. The
bench and/or pilot scale studies have been con-
increased emphasis on more stringent effluent
ducted on wastewaters to be treated, the results
quality standards and the resulting increase in
will provide guidance in the selection of process
the degree of treatment complexity, make it
alternatives. With data obtained from the studies,
mandatory that operators have adequate training
design criteria can be established for feasible
and experience. One major responsibility of the
alternatives. Cost comparison and operational
operating staff will be to perform all necessary
relationships can be established in selecting a
tests to ensure that the effluent meets require-
cost-effective system. Pertinent economic consid-
ments. When process wastes are involved, more
erations should be investigated. If bench or pilot
detailed surveillance and testing will be required.
scale studies have not been conducted, then
Operator capability and management needs are
process selection must involve preliminary and
not usually the determining factor in process
detailed screening of available unit processes to
selection, but should be evaluated and properly
meet treatment requirements. Unit treatment pro-
weighted in life cycle cost consideration when
cesses and their ranges of applicability y, combined
making process selection.
with economic criteria, all as discussed herein,
will allow the selection of the most cost-effective
5-8.
Specific
treatment
needs
solution.
c. Program implementation. After treatment
After all prior elements of the program are
methods have been established, discussions
complete, selection of wastewater treatment sys-
should be held with the Regional U.S. EPA
tem components can be made by evaluating all
Federal Facilities Coordinator to review environ-
factors.
mental aspects, dates for implementation of the
a. Data analysis. Analyses of all data will begin
project, and such other information as may be
with the wastewater characteristics establishing
necessary to satisfy regulatory agency require-
the following:
ments. One or more written reports are prepared
Average waste flow.
during the course of the pollution control pro-
Total system peak flow as well as peak
gram investigations. The number and types of
flows in tributary sections of the system.
reports will depend on the complexity and time
Concentration of pollutants for which pa-
span of the project. The final report shall outline
rameters (BOD, suspended solids, nutrients,
the investigations conducted, and summarize the
etc. ) have been established or can be esti-
findings and recommendations for implementation
mated.
of the program. Often it is desirable to assign
Sources and type of process wastes.
priority items for implementation of the program
-Concentration of process chemicals and any
on a staged basis. These reports will form the
potentially toxic materials.
(1) Waste reduction. The next step will be to
basis for subsequent preliminary and/or final
factor into these data the effect of any waste
design reports and justification for the project.
5-20
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