CEMP-E
TI 814-01
3 August 1998
CHAPTER 9
WATER SYSTEM DESIGN PROCEDURE
9-1. GENERAL.. Water supply is an essential feature of any large project and water system
planning should be coordinated with the design of the project elements, in order to insure
orderly progress toward project completion, and with an installation's comprehensive water
resource management plan, required in AR 420-46. Major elements of the water system, such
as supply works, usually can be located and designed in advance of detailed project site
planning. On the other hand, the design of the distribution system must be deferred until
completion of topographic surveys and the development of the final site plan. The preparation
of plans and specifications for water supply works, pumping stations, treatment works, supply
lines, storage facilities and distribution systems requires the services of professional engineers
thoroughly versed in water works practice. Cross-connections between potable and
nonpotable water systems are prohibited.
9-2. SELECTION OF MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT.
a. General. Selection of materials, pipe, and equipment should be consistent with
system operating and reliability considerations, energy conservation, and the expected useful
life of the project. Acceptable pipe materials are given in TM 5-813-5/AFM 88-10, Vol. 5. For
Air Force Projects refer to AFM 88-15, for material and component requirements. Current
policies of the Department of the Army and Headquarters, U.S. Air Force, with respect to
energy conservation and the use of critical materials will be observed in the planning and
construction of any water system. To avoid delivery delays, standard equipment that can be
supplied by several manufacturers should be specified. Delivery schedules must be
investigated prior to purchase commitments for mechanical equipment. As a general rule,
patented equipment, furnished by a single manufacturer, should be placed in competition with
functionally similar equipment available from other suppliers. Equipment of an experimental
nature or equipment unproved by actual, full-scale use should not be used unless specifically
approved by the Chief of Engineers or Headquarters, U.S. Air Force.
b. Restrictions. Materials, such as lead, copper, and asbestos, have in the past been
commonly used in pipes and other components of water supply facilities but have been
determined by the Environmental Protection Agency to be detrimental to public health. Any
pipe and fittings used in a system providing water for human consumption shall contain no
more than 8.0 percent lead and any solder or flux used shall contain no more than 0.2 percent
lead. Copper contamination is a byproduct of the corrosion of copper pipe and fittings. Acidic
groundwater is a common cause of corrosion of copper pipe - therefore copper materials
should not come into contact with acidic water until after it has been neutralized. Since copper
piping is common in plumbing systems, National Primary Drinking Water Regulations require
that optimum corrosion control procedures be used for potable water systems. Asbestos and
asbestos-cement products shall not be used.
9-1
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