Protective Coatings and Paints - index
Chapter 1: Introduction - ufc_3_190_060005
References - ufc_3_190_060006
Appendix A: Protective Coatings and Paints
Handbook for Paints and Protective Coatings for Facilities
Abstract - ufc_3_190_060009
Foreword - ufc_3_190_060010
List of Figures - ufc_3_190_060022
Section 1: Introduction - ufc_3_190_060024
Deterioration of Wood
Limited Access to Work
Control of Facilities Deterioration
Marking Paints
Antifouling Coatings
Section 2: Coating Compositions and Curing Mechanisms
Pigment
Common Inhibitive Pigments
Mechanisms of Curing of Coatings
Air Oxidation of Drying Oils
Solvent of Water Evaporation
Chemical Reaction
Alkyds and Other Oil-Containing Coatings
Water Emulsion (Latex) Coatings
Lacquers
Epoxy Coatings
Polyurethane Coatings
Polyester Coating
Zinc-Rich Organic Coatings
Disbonding of Old Paint
Table 1: Compatibility of Commonly Used Paints
Section 3: Environmental ,Occupational and Safety Issues
Effect on Coatings
Table 2: Problems Encountered With Low-VOC Coatings
Heavy Metal-Containing Pigments and Additives
Table 3: TLV and Other Safety Data on Paint and Cleaning Solvents
Issues Affecting Surface Preparation
Surfaces Coated With Leaded Paint
Environmental Issues
Definitions - ufc_3_190_060054
Table 4: DOD and Military Component's Policy Documents on Lead-Based Paint
Inspection/Assessment
Operations and Maintenance
Demolition of Buildings Containing Lead-Based Paint
Section 4: Selection of Coatings
Compatibilities
Table 5: Lead- and Chromate-Free Coating Specifications With VOC Limits
Recommendations for Different Substrates
Recommendations for Wood
Recommendations for Concrete and Masonry Surfaces
Elastomeric Coatings
Recommendations for Steel
Epoxy Coating Systems
Recommendations for Galvanized Steel
Epoxy Systems
Recommendations for Aluminum
Section 5: Coating Systems for Specific Uses
Interiors of Steel Fuel Tanks
Exteriors of Steel Fuel Tanks
Interiors of Steel Water Tanks
Buried Steel Fuel Lines
Steel Water Distribution Lines
New Galvanized Steel Towers
New Thermally Sprayed Steel Towers
Towers With Only Cosmetic Coating Defects
Zinc-Coated Steel Tower Components With Deteriorated Organic Coatings
Galvanized Steel Guy Lines for Towers
Hot Steel Surfaces
Concrete Swimming Pools
Concrete Catchment Basins
Mildew-Resistant Coatings
Removal of Mildew
Painted Markings
Specification for Reflective Glass Beads
Inspection of Marking Operation
Infrared Identification of Vehicle Solids From Solvent
Infrared Identification of Vehicle Solids From Solvent -Cont.
Monitoring of Marking Operation
Dry Film Thickness of Paint Film
Alternative Markings
Section 6: Surface Preparation
Joints, Cracks, Holes, or Other Surface Defects
Recommendations by Substrate
Table 6: Commonly Used Methods of Surface Preparation for Coatings
Concrete/Masonry
Specific Surface Preparation Requirements for Coatings for Steel
Aluminum and Other Soft Metals
Job-Prepared Standard
Table 7: SSPC and NACE Standards for Cleaned Steel Surfaces
Recommendations for Paint Removal
Types of Abrasive Blasting
Figure 1: Schematic Drawing Illustrating Components of Conventional Abrasive Blasting Equipment
Conventional Abrasive Blasting Equipment
Conventional Abrasive Blasting Equipment -Cont.
Figure 3: Cross-Sectional Drawing of Nozzles
Abrasive Properties
Abrasive Types
Table 9: Typical Physical Characteristics of Abrasives (1)
Abrasive Types -Cont.
Selection - ufc_3_190_060114
Procedures/General Information
Figure 6: Illustration of Proper Stroke Pattern for Blast Cleaning
Chemical Removal of Paint
Hand Tool Cleaning
Organic Solvent Washing
Steam Cleaning
Equipment - ufc_3_190_060121
Section 7: Application
Mixing Two-Component Coatings
Figure 7: Illustration of Mixing and "Boxing" One-Component Paint
Mixing Two-Component Coatings -Cont.
Weather Conditions Affecting Application of Paints
Temperature - ufc_3_190_060127
Methods of Application
Procedure for Brush Application
Roller Application
Procedures for Roller Application
Spray Application
Table 11: Comparison of Conventional Air and Airless Spray
Figure 10: Schematic Drawing Illustrating Basic Parts of Conventional Air Spray Application Equipment
Air Nozzle
Figure 12: Cross-Sectional Drawing of Nozzle of Air-Spray Gun
Table 12: Common Conventional Air-Spray Problems and Their Causes and Remedies
Airless Spray
Table 13: Common Airless-Spray Problems and Their Causes and Remedies
High-Volume, Low-Pressure Spray
Electrostatic Spray
Application Technique
Figure 14: Illustration of Improper Movement of Spray Gun When Applying Paint
Figure 15: Illustration of Proper Procedure for Spray Painting Large Flat Surfaces
Figure 16: Schematic to Illustrate Proper Painting of Large Vertical Surfaces
Figure 17: Illustration of Proper "Triggering" of Spray Guns
Figure 18: Proper Spray Painting of Inside Corners
Figure 19: Proper Spray Painting of Outside Corners
Figure 20: Schematic Illustrating Importance of Spraying Surfaces With Protruding Parts From All Directions
Table 14: Spray Painting Errors
Section 8: Preparation of A Painting Contract Specification
The CSI Format
Reference Section
Definition Section
Submittals Section
Quality Assurance Section
Site Conditions - ufc_3_190_060157
Execution Part
Surface Preparation - ufc_3_190_060159
Language to be Used in Specification
Construction Criteria Base
Section 9: Inspection of Painting Operations
Record Keeping
Review Specification and Correct Deficiencies
Table 15: Equipment for Inspecting Painting Operations
Table 16: Inspection Steps
Figure 21: Sample Inspector's Contract Summary Form
Figure 22. Sample Daily Project Reports for Painting Inspectors
Conduct Pre-Construction Conference
Measure Ambient Conditions
Figure 23: Nomograph for Estimating Quantities of Paint Required for a Job
Relative Humidity and Dew Point
Water Blasting
Frequency of Inspecting Cleaned Surfaces
Inspect Coating Application
Mixing/Thinning
Final Approval Procedures
Year Warranty Inspection
Section 10: Field Inspection Instruments
Profile of Blasted Steel
Moisture Meter
Cylindrical Gage
Pull-Off Gages
Low Voltage Holiday Detectors
High Voltage Holiday Detectors
Hardness Tester
Section 11:Analysis of Paint Failures
Review of Inspector's Daily Reports
On-Site Inspection Techniques
Laboratory Testing - ufc_3_190_060190
Microscopic Examination
Forming Conclusions and Preparing Reports
Cosmetic Defects
Pigment Overload
Intercoat Blistering
Example of a Film Defect
Figure 24: Decision Tree 1: Support for Analysis of Coating Failures That Do Not Penetrate the Finish Coat
Figure 25: Decision Tree 2: Support for Analysis of Coating Defects That Penetrate the Finish Coat
Section 12: Programming Maintenance Painting
Design of Coating System
Determining the Generic Type of the Finish Coat
Figure 26. Coating Condition and Identification Form
Selecting Materials for Maintenance Painting
Inspection of Maintenance Painting
Section 13:General Safety Practices During Painting Operations
Material Safety Data Sheets
Toxicity Hazards
Types of Toxic Materials
Abrasive and Water Blasting
Chemical Cleaning
Mixing and Applying Paints
Work in High, Confined, and Remote Places
Confined Areas
Personal Protective Equipment
Protective Headgear
Safety Goggles
Respirators/Ventilation
Safety Program
Glossary - ufc_3_190_060230
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060231
Glossary -Cont.
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060233
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060234
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060235
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060236
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060237
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060238
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060239
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060240
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060241
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060242
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060243
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060244
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060245
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060246
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060247
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060248
Standardization Document Improvement Proposal - ufc_3_190_060249
Chapter 1: Introduction - ufc_3_190_060005
References - ufc_3_190_060006
Appendix A: Protective Coatings and Paints
Handbook for Paints and Protective Coatings for Facilities
Abstract - ufc_3_190_060009
Foreword - ufc_3_190_060010
List of Figures - ufc_3_190_060022
Section 1: Introduction - ufc_3_190_060024
Deterioration of Wood
Limited Access to Work
Control of Facilities Deterioration
Marking Paints
Antifouling Coatings
Section 2: Coating Compositions and Curing Mechanisms
Pigment
Common Inhibitive Pigments
Mechanisms of Curing of Coatings
Air Oxidation of Drying Oils
Solvent of Water Evaporation
Chemical Reaction
Alkyds and Other Oil-Containing Coatings
Water Emulsion (Latex) Coatings
Lacquers
Epoxy Coatings
Polyurethane Coatings
Polyester Coating
Zinc-Rich Organic Coatings
Disbonding of Old Paint
Table 1: Compatibility of Commonly Used Paints
Section 3: Environmental ,Occupational and Safety Issues
Effect on Coatings
Table 2: Problems Encountered With Low-VOC Coatings
Heavy Metal-Containing Pigments and Additives
Table 3: TLV and Other Safety Data on Paint and Cleaning Solvents
Issues Affecting Surface Preparation
Surfaces Coated With Leaded Paint
Environmental Issues
Definitions - ufc_3_190_060054
Table 4: DOD and Military Component's Policy Documents on Lead-Based Paint
Inspection/Assessment
Operations and Maintenance
Demolition of Buildings Containing Lead-Based Paint
Section 4: Selection of Coatings
Compatibilities
Table 5: Lead- and Chromate-Free Coating Specifications With VOC Limits
Recommendations for Different Substrates
Recommendations for Wood
Recommendations for Concrete and Masonry Surfaces
Elastomeric Coatings
Recommendations for Steel
Epoxy Coating Systems
Recommendations for Galvanized Steel
Epoxy Systems
Recommendations for Aluminum
Section 5: Coating Systems for Specific Uses
Interiors of Steel Fuel Tanks
Exteriors of Steel Fuel Tanks
Interiors of Steel Water Tanks
Buried Steel Fuel Lines
Steel Water Distribution Lines
New Galvanized Steel Towers
New Thermally Sprayed Steel Towers
Towers With Only Cosmetic Coating Defects
Zinc-Coated Steel Tower Components With Deteriorated Organic Coatings
Galvanized Steel Guy Lines for Towers
Hot Steel Surfaces
Concrete Swimming Pools
Concrete Catchment Basins
Mildew-Resistant Coatings
Removal of Mildew
Painted Markings
Specification for Reflective Glass Beads
Inspection of Marking Operation
Infrared Identification of Vehicle Solids From Solvent
Infrared Identification of Vehicle Solids From Solvent -Cont.
Monitoring of Marking Operation
Dry Film Thickness of Paint Film
Alternative Markings
Section 6: Surface Preparation
Joints, Cracks, Holes, or Other Surface Defects
Recommendations by Substrate
Table 6: Commonly Used Methods of Surface Preparation for Coatings
Concrete/Masonry
Specific Surface Preparation Requirements for Coatings for Steel
Aluminum and Other Soft Metals
Job-Prepared Standard
Table 7: SSPC and NACE Standards for Cleaned Steel Surfaces
Recommendations for Paint Removal
Types of Abrasive Blasting
Figure 1: Schematic Drawing Illustrating Components of Conventional Abrasive Blasting Equipment
Conventional Abrasive Blasting Equipment
Conventional Abrasive Blasting Equipment -Cont.
Figure 3: Cross-Sectional Drawing of Nozzles
Abrasive Properties
Abrasive Types
Table 9: Typical Physical Characteristics of Abrasives (1)
Abrasive Types -Cont.
Selection - ufc_3_190_060114
Procedures/General Information
Figure 6: Illustration of Proper Stroke Pattern for Blast Cleaning
Chemical Removal of Paint
Hand Tool Cleaning
Organic Solvent Washing
Steam Cleaning
Equipment - ufc_3_190_060121
Section 7: Application
Mixing Two-Component Coatings
Figure 7: Illustration of Mixing and "Boxing" One-Component Paint
Mixing Two-Component Coatings -Cont.
Weather Conditions Affecting Application of Paints
Temperature - ufc_3_190_060127
Methods of Application
Procedure for Brush Application
Roller Application
Procedures for Roller Application
Spray Application
Table 11: Comparison of Conventional Air and Airless Spray
Figure 10: Schematic Drawing Illustrating Basic Parts of Conventional Air Spray Application Equipment
Air Nozzle
Figure 12: Cross-Sectional Drawing of Nozzle of Air-Spray Gun
Table 12: Common Conventional Air-Spray Problems and Their Causes and Remedies
Airless Spray
Table 13: Common Airless-Spray Problems and Their Causes and Remedies
High-Volume, Low-Pressure Spray
Electrostatic Spray
Application Technique
Figure 14: Illustration of Improper Movement of Spray Gun When Applying Paint
Figure 15: Illustration of Proper Procedure for Spray Painting Large Flat Surfaces
Figure 16: Schematic to Illustrate Proper Painting of Large Vertical Surfaces
Figure 17: Illustration of Proper "Triggering" of Spray Guns
Figure 18: Proper Spray Painting of Inside Corners
Figure 19: Proper Spray Painting of Outside Corners
Figure 20: Schematic Illustrating Importance of Spraying Surfaces With Protruding Parts From All Directions
Table 14: Spray Painting Errors
Section 8: Preparation of A Painting Contract Specification
The CSI Format
Reference Section
Definition Section
Submittals Section
Quality Assurance Section
Site Conditions - ufc_3_190_060157
Execution Part
Surface Preparation - ufc_3_190_060159
Language to be Used in Specification
Construction Criteria Base
Section 9: Inspection of Painting Operations
Record Keeping
Review Specification and Correct Deficiencies
Table 15: Equipment for Inspecting Painting Operations
Table 16: Inspection Steps
Figure 21: Sample Inspector's Contract Summary Form
Figure 22. Sample Daily Project Reports for Painting Inspectors
Conduct Pre-Construction Conference
Measure Ambient Conditions
Figure 23: Nomograph for Estimating Quantities of Paint Required for a Job
Relative Humidity and Dew Point
Water Blasting
Frequency of Inspecting Cleaned Surfaces
Inspect Coating Application
Mixing/Thinning
Final Approval Procedures
Year Warranty Inspection
Section 10: Field Inspection Instruments
Profile of Blasted Steel
Moisture Meter
Cylindrical Gage
Pull-Off Gages
Low Voltage Holiday Detectors
High Voltage Holiday Detectors
Hardness Tester
Section 11:Analysis of Paint Failures
Review of Inspector's Daily Reports
On-Site Inspection Techniques
Laboratory Testing - ufc_3_190_060190
Microscopic Examination
Forming Conclusions and Preparing Reports
Cosmetic Defects
Pigment Overload
Intercoat Blistering
Example of a Film Defect
Figure 24: Decision Tree 1: Support for Analysis of Coating Failures That Do Not Penetrate the Finish Coat
Figure 25: Decision Tree 2: Support for Analysis of Coating Defects That Penetrate the Finish Coat
Section 12: Programming Maintenance Painting
Design of Coating System
Determining the Generic Type of the Finish Coat
Figure 26. Coating Condition and Identification Form
Selecting Materials for Maintenance Painting
Inspection of Maintenance Painting
Section 13:General Safety Practices During Painting Operations
Material Safety Data Sheets
Toxicity Hazards
Types of Toxic Materials
Abrasive and Water Blasting
Chemical Cleaning
Mixing and Applying Paints
Work in High, Confined, and Remote Places
Confined Areas
Personal Protective Equipment
Protective Headgear
Safety Goggles
Respirators/Ventilation
Safety Program
Glossary - ufc_3_190_060230
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060231
Glossary -Cont.
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060233
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060234
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060235
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060236
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060237
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060238
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060239
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060240
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060241
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060242
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060243
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060244
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060245
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060246
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060247
Glossary -Cont. - ufc_3_190_060248
Standardization Document Improvement Proposal - ufc_3_190_060249
